Unit 2 Environmental Science Exam

Front

What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Front

What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)?

Back

The rough ER is a type of endoplasmic reticulum that is studded with ribosomes and is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins.

Front

What did Louis Pasteur's experiment with the goose-neck flask demonstrate?

Back

It demonstrated that life begins from other organisms, disproving the theory of spontaneous generation.

Front

What are carbohydrates?

Back

Carbohydrates are macromolecules made up of sugar molecules, serving as a primary energy source for living organisms.

Front

What organelle is responsible for energy production in cells?

Back

Mitochondria are the organelles responsible for producing energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the primary role of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis.

Front

What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?

Back

Vacuoles store nutrients, waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.

Front

What are the main types of macromolecules?

Back

The main types of macromolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptides.

Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles.