Protein Synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

Protein synthesis is the process by which cells generate new proteins, involving two main stages: transcription and translation.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the corresponding codons on the mRNA.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the start codon and its significance?

Back

The start codon is AUG, which signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA, which occurs in the nucleus.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

Front

What are the three stages of translation?

Back

The three stages of translation are initiation, elongation, and termination.

Front

What happens during the initiation stage of translation?

Back

During initiation, the ribosome assembles around the start codon on the mRNA, and the first tRNA molecule binds to the start codon.