2.3 and 2.4 Vocabulary

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Energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Back

Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy required to initiate a chemical reaction.

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Macromolecules made of amino acids

Back

Proteins are large biomolecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

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Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions

Back

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, increasing the reaction rate.

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Building block of a polymer

Back

A monomer is a small molecule that can join together with other similar molecules to form a polymer.

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Substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction

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Products are the substances that result from the chemical reaction, formed from reactants.

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Smallest unit of a carbohydrate

Back

Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of single sugar molecules.

Front

Two monosaccharides joined together

Back

Disaccharides are carbohydrates formed by the combination of two monosaccharides through a glycosidic bond.

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Large molecules made of repeating units

Back

Polymers are large molecules composed of many repeated subunits (monomers), such as proteins and nucleic acids.

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Substances that participate in a chemical reaction

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Reactants are the starting materials in a chemical reaction that undergo change.

Front

Type of macromolecule that stores genetic information

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information.