Charles Darwin & Natural Selection

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What is adaptation in the context of evolution?

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Adaptation refers to the process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment through changes in its physical or behavioral traits.

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Define extinction.

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Extinction is the end of an organism or a group of organisms, resulting in the complete disappearance of that species from Earth.

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What are the two key factors for an organism's success in evolutionary terms?

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Survive and Reproduce.

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What does variation mean in biological terms?

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Variation refers to the differences among individuals within a species, such as differences in traits like size, color, or beak shape.

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What are inherited traits?

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Inherited traits are characteristics that are passed down from one generation to the next through genetic information.

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Explain the concept of natural selection.

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Natural selection is the process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more successfully than others.

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What is the significance of genetic variation in a population?

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Genetic variation is crucial for a population's ability to adapt to changing environments and is a key factor in the process of evolution.

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How does competition influence natural selection?

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Competition for resources such as food, mates, and habitat can lead to natural selection, as individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.

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What role do mutations play in evolution?

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Mutations are changes in DNA that can create new traits; they are a source of genetic variation and can lead to evolutionary changes if they provide a survival advantage.

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Define the term 'fitness' in an evolutionary context.

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Fitness refers to an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment, often measured by the number of offspring produced.

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