Experiment vs. Observational Studies

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The essential difference between an experiment and an observational study is that...

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experiments impose treatments but observations do not.

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A researcher took a random sample of 50 people and asked them if they regularly exercised. They all reported to a clinic to have their cholesterol measured.

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Observational Study

Front

Mia, Abigail, and Nora are debating whether to use an experiment or an observational study. Mia argues that the most important advantage of experiments over observational studies is that...

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experiments can give better evidence of causation.

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Aiden has conducted a(n)

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experiment, but not completely randomized.

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Nora, Avery, and Jackson conclude that experiments are not always possible because of...

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ethical reasons.

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Elijah and Avery are conducting an observational study to see if there is a relationship between the amount of time students spend studying and their grades. Their study can establish "cause and effect." True or False.

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False

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When Nora conducted a survey to understand the favorite ice cream flavors among her classmates, this was "a type of" observational study.

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True.

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Why is it important for Abigail, William, and Aiden to select students randomly for their survey?

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It ensures that every student in the school has an equal chance of being included.

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In an observational study of dietary habits, researchers do not assign participants like Hannah, Ethan, and Isla to specific diet groups because:

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it is not feasible or ethical to manipulate dietary choices or assign participants to specific diet groups

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What are confounding variables in the study conducted by Avery and Aria to see if sleep affects academic performance?

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Variables that can affect the relationship between the amount of sleep and academic performance