Unit 4_Week 2_Vocab/Concepts Flashcard

Front

This English philosopher promoted the scientific method, emphasizing observation and experimentation to form knowledge.

Back

Francis Bacon

Front

The method of reasoning that draws general conclusions from specific observations, relying heavily on empirical evidence.

Back

Inductive reasoning, empiricism

Front

A French philosopher who argued that reasoning begins with general principles, famously stating “I think, therefore I am.”

Back

René Descartes

Front

Descartes’ philosophical approach that starts by doubting everything to establish certainty.

Back

Cartesian doubt

Front

This French mathematician proposed a wager arguing it is better to believe in God than risk eternal damnation.

Back

Blaise Pascal

Front

The political philosopher who wrote Leviathan and argued that humans need strong centralized authority to avoid chaos.

Back

Thomas Hobbes

Front

An English physician who discovered the circulation of blood, refuting ancient medical theories.

Back

William Harvey

Front

This theory advocates for one ruler holding all power within a state, often supported by the divine right of kings.

Back

Absolutism

Front

An English philosopher who argued for natural rights, including life, liberty, and property, and supported the social contract.

Back

John Locke

Front

The idea that the human mind is a blank slate at birth, shaped entirely by experience.

Back

Tabula rasa