protein synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins by linking amino acids together.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is translation?

Back

The process of decoding mRNA to synthesize proteins, where ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and assemble amino acids.

Front

How many nucleotides are needed to code for one amino acid?

Back

Three nucleotides code for one amino acid.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that pairs with a complementary codon in mRNA during translation.

Front

What is the start codon for protein synthesis?

Back

AUG, which codes for the amino acid methionine and signals the start of translation.

Front

What is the end codon in protein synthesis?

Back

UAA, UAG, or UGA, which signal the termination of translation.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the mRNA codons.