AP Biology Transcription and Translation

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. It occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA. It occurs in the ribosome.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides in tRNA that is complementary to a corresponding codon in mRNA.

Front

What are eukaryotic chromosomes made of?

Back

Eukaryotic chromosomes are made of many linear pieces of DNA located in the nucleus.

Front

How many bases are needed to code for one amino acid?

Back

Three bases (one codon) are needed to code for one amino acid.

Front

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?

Back

Transcription occurs in the nucleus.

Front

Where does translation occur?

Back

Translation occurs in the ribosome.

Front

What is the role of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation and matches them to the coded mRNA message.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.