AP Biology Unit 2 Gold Flashcard

Front

What is Active Transport?

Back

The movement of particles from low to high concentration, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What is the function of Ribosomes?

Back

Tiny cell structures that assemble protein molecules from amino acids.

Front

In a solution, what is the solute?

Back

The substance that is dissolved in a solution, e.g., salt in saltwater.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Front

What is Passive Transport?

Back

The movement of particles from high to low concentration without the use of energy.

Front

How do you calculate the water potential (Ψ) of a solution?

Back

Ψ = Ψs + Ψp, where Ψs is the solute potential and Ψp is the pressure potential.

Front

What is the formula for solute potential (Ψs)?

Back

Ψs = -iCRT, where i = ionization constant, C = molar concentration, R = pressure constant (0.0831 liter-bars/mole K), T = temperature in Kelvin.

Front

What is the ionization constant (i) for sucrose?

Back

i = 1, since sucrose does not dissociate in solution.

Front

What happens to plant cells in a hypertonic solution?

Back

They lose water and undergo plasmolysis, causing the cell membrane to pull away from the cell wall.

Front

What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?

Back

Diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration, while osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.

Front

What is a hypotonic solution?

Back

A solution with a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution, causing cells to swell.