AP Biology Unit 6 Translation

Front

What is the start codon in protein synthesis?

Back

AUG is the start codon that signals the beginning of translation.

Front

What does redundancy in the genetic code refer to?

Back

Redundancy in the genetic code means that multiple codons can code for the same amino acid, e.g., UUA and CUA both code for Leucine.

Front

What is the conversion factor between nucleotides and amino acids?

Back

3 nucleotides correspond to 1 amino acid.

Front

In which order do tRNA molecules travel through the ribosomal sites?

Back

tRNA travels through the ribosomal sites in the order A (Aminoacyl) -> P (Peptidyl) -> E (Exit).

Front

What is the primary function of mRNA in translation?

Back

mRNA serves as the transcript synthesized from DNA, carrying the genetic information to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA transports specific amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the corresponding codon on the mRNA.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the significance of the ribosome in translation?

Back

The ribosome is the molecular machine that facilitates the decoding of mRNA into a polypeptide chain (protein) during translation.

Front

What is the difference between mRNA and tRNA?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome, while tRNA brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of the stop codon?

Back

Stop codons signal the termination of protein synthesis, indicating that the polypeptide chain is complete.