Taxonomy and Cladograms

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What is taxonomy?

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Taxonomy is the science of classifying and naming organisms based on shared characteristics.

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What is a cladogram?

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A cladogram is a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms.

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What does a vertebral column indicate in an organism?

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A vertebral column indicates that the organism is a vertebrate, which is a member of the subphylum Vertebrata.

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What is the significance of scientific names in taxonomy?

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Scientific names provide a unique and universally accepted name for each species, reducing confusion.

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What are homologous structures?

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Homologous structures are body parts in different species that share a common ancestry, indicating evolutionary relationships.

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What are analogous structures?

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Analogous structures are body parts in different species that serve similar functions but do not share a common ancestry.

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What is the difference between a genus and a species?

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A genus is a group of closely related species, while a species is the most specific level of classification, representing individuals that can interbreed.

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What is a phylogenetic tree?

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A phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram that represents the evolutionary history and relationships among species.

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What does it mean if two species are closely related?

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If two species are closely related, they share a more recent common ancestor compared to other species.

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What is the role of a key in taxonomy?

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A key is a tool that helps identify organisms based on their characteristics, often using a series of choices.