AP Biology Unit 4 Exam

AP Biology Unit 4 Exam

Assessment

Flashcard

Biology

10th Grade

Hard

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15 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is positive feedback in biological systems?

Back

Positive feedback is a process that amplifies a response or increases the output in a system. An example is blood clotting, where the accumulation of platelets leads to more platelets being attracted to the site of injury.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is a second messenger in signal transduction?

Back

A second messenger is a molecule that relays signals received at receptors on the cell surface to target molecules inside the cell. An example is cyclic AMP (cAMP), which is involved in many signaling pathways.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the consequence of cancer cells ignoring cell cycle checkpoints?

Back

Ignoring cell cycle checkpoints leads to unregulated cell division, allowing cancer cells to proliferate uncontrollably.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is synaptic signaling?

Back

Synaptic signaling is a form of communication between neurons where neurotransmitters are released from one neuron and bind to receptors on another neuron, allowing for rapid signal transmission.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What are gap junctions?

Back

Gap junctions are specialized intercellular connections that allow direct communication between adjacent cells through channels that permit the passage of ions and small molecules.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the role of receptor proteins in signaling pathways?

Back

Receptor proteins bind to specific ligands (signals) and initiate a cellular response, playing a crucial role in signal transduction.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What can result from a mutation in a receptor protein?

Back

A mutation in a receptor protein can lead to altered signal transduction, which may affect cellular responses and functions.

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