Biology STAAR Category 2- Genetics

Front

What process results in the division of 1 cell into 2 identical daughter cells?

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.

Front

What is the process to code for protein?

Back

The process to code for protein is DNA --> mRNA --> Protein, where DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into a protein.

Front

When going from DNA to mRNA, this process is called?

Back

Transcription is the process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template.

Front

Guanine bonds with ______________.

Back

Cytosine is the nitrogenous base that pairs with Guanine in DNA.

Front

UUACUACG could be the code for?

Back

mRNA is the type of nucleic acid represented by the sequence UUACUACG.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA serves as a messenger that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA is single-stranded and contains the sugar ribose.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Front

What is the process of translating mRNA into a protein called?

Back

Translation is the process of decoding mRNA to synthesize proteins.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine.