Protein Synthesis

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What is Protein Synthesis?

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The process by which cells generate proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

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What is Transcription?

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The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which occurs in the nucleus.

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What is Translation?

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The process of decoding mRNA to synthesize proteins, occurring in the ribosome.

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What is a Codon?

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A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

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What is the role of mRNA?

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mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

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What is the function of Ribosomes?

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Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, synthesizing proteins from amino acids.

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What is the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology?

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The framework describing the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.

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What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

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DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

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What is an Amino Acid?

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The building blocks of proteins, each specified by a codon in the mRNA.

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What is a Stop Codon?

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A codon that signals the termination of protein synthesis, indicating that the protein is complete.