Sampling and Bias Flashcard

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What is a sample in statistics?

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A sample is a subset of individuals selected from a larger population, used to estimate characteristics of the whole population.

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What is a population in statistics?

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A population is the entire group of individuals or instances about whom we hope to learn.

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What is a biased sample?

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A biased sample is one that does not accurately represent the population from which it is drawn, leading to skewed results.

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What is a convenience sample?

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A convenience sample is a type of non-probability sampling where subjects are selected because of their convenient accessibility and proximity to the researcher.

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What is a voluntary response sample?

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A voluntary response sample consists of individuals who choose to participate in a survey or study, often leading to bias as it may attract those with strong opinions.

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What is a simple random sample?

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A simple random sample is a sampling method where every individual has an equal chance of being selected, ensuring that the sample is representative of the population.

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What is a systematic random sample?

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A systematic random sample is obtained by selecting every nth individual from a list of the population.

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What is the difference between a sample and a population?

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A sample is a smaller group selected from a population, which is the entire group of interest.

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Why is it important to avoid bias in sampling?

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Avoiding bias is crucial to ensure that the results of a study are valid and can be generalized to the larger population.

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What is the role of randomization in sampling?

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Randomization helps to eliminate bias by ensuring that every individual has an equal chance of being selected for the sample.