Mutations and Protein Synthesis

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What are the three types of mutations?

Back

Insertion, Deletion, Substitution.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

An insertion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide bases are added to the DNA sequence.

Front

What is a deletion mutation?

Back

A deletion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide bases are removed from the DNA sequence.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation occurs when one nucleotide base is replaced by another in the DNA sequence.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation is caused by insertions or deletions that change the reading frame of the genetic code.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is structured as a double helix, consisting of two strands that wind around each other.

Front

What are the base pairs in DNA?

Back

The base pairs in DNA are Adenine (A) with Thymine (T) and Cytosine (C) with Guanine (G).

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular machinery that assembles amino acids into proteins based on the sequence of mRNA.

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is a type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.