AP Biology: Unit 4 Review (CED)

Front

What is homeostasis?

Back

The condition in which an organism's internal environment is kept stable regardless of external changes.

Front

What is a hypotonic solution?

Back

A solution surrounding a cell that has less solutes and more pure water than the cell, causing the cell to swell.

Front

What role do signal transduction pathways play in the cell cycle?

Back

They are directly involved in the regulation of the cell cycle.

Front

What is interphase?

Back

The stage of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division, including DNA replication.

Front

What is a phosphorylation cascade?

Back

A series of chemical reactions during cell signaling where a phosphate group is added to proteins, leading to a cellular response.

Front

Define hypertonic solution.

Back

A solution that has more solutes and less pure water than the cell, causing the cell to shrink.

Front

What is the significance of isotonic solutions?

Back

Isotonic solutions have equal concentrations of solutes inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Front

What is the function of RNA splicing?

Back

The process of modifying RNA after transcription by removing introns and joining exons.

Front

What is the role of protein synthesis in cells?

Back

It is the process by which cells create proteins based on the genetic instructions carried by mRNA.

Front

What happens during prophase?

Back

Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.