Thermal energy

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What is thermal energy?

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Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of particles in a substance, which determines its temperature.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

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What is convection?

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Convection is the process of heat transfer through liquids and gases, where warmer, less dense areas rise and cooler, denser areas sink.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

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How does convection occur in boiling water?

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In boiling water, hot water at the bottom rises to the top, while cooler water descends, creating a circular motion.

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What is conduction?

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Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials, typically occurring in solids.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

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What is radiation?

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Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy through electromagnetic waves, which can occur in a vacuum.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

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What is an example of conduction?

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An example of conduction is a metal spoon getting hot when placed in a pot of hot soup.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

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What is an example of convection?

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An example of convection is the warm air rising from a heater and circulating in a room.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

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What is an example of radiation?

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An example of radiation is feeling the warmth of the sun on your skin.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

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What role does thermal energy play in weather patterns?

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Thermal energy drives wind and ocean currents, influencing weather patterns and climate.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

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What is the primary method of heat transfer in solids?

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The primary method of heat transfer in solids is conduction.