Nervous System Review Flashcard

Front

What are the main components of a neuron?

Back

A neuron consists of three main components: axon, dendrite, and cell body.

Front

What is epilepsy?

Back

Epilepsy is caused by excessive electrical activity within networks of neurons in the brain.

Front

What is multiple sclerosis?

Back

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system and myelin sheath.

Front

What are the supporting cells of neurons?

Back

Supporting cells of neurons include oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglial cells.

Front

What occurs at the synapse of neurons?

Back

At the synapse, neurotransmitters are released and bind to receptors, transmitting signals between neurons.

Front

What is the function of the axon in a neuron?

Back

The axon transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles.

Front

What role do dendrites play in a neuron?

Back

Dendrites receive signals from other neurons and convey this information to the cell body.

Front

What is the myelin sheath?

Back

The myelin sheath is a protective covering that surrounds the axon, facilitating faster transmission of electrical signals.

Front

What are neurotransmitters?

Back

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across the synapse from one neuron to another.

Front

What is the function of oligodendrocytes?

Back

Oligodendrocytes are supporting cells that produce myelin in the central nervous system.