STAAR Biology Category 1 Review

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What is a lysogenic infection?

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A lysogenic infection is a type of viral infection where the virus integrates its genetic material into the host's DNA and can remain dormant for a long period without causing immediate harm.

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What is a lytic infection?

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A lytic infection is a type of viral infection where the virus takes over the host cell's machinery to produce new viruses, leading to the destruction of the host cell.

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How does a lysogenic infection differ from a lytic infection?

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A lysogenic virus can remain in the host DNA for a longer period without becoming active, while a lytic virus directs the production of new viruses right away.

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What is passive transport?

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Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy, relying on concentration gradients.

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What is facilitated diffusion?

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Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses protein channels to help move substances across the cell membrane.

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What does semi-permeable mean?

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Semi-permeable means that a membrane allows only some materials to pass through while blocking others.

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What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

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Simple diffusion is the movement of small or nonpolar molecules directly through the lipid bilayer, while facilitated diffusion involves specific transport proteins for larger or polar molecules.

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What are the main types of passive transport?

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The main types of passive transport are simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.

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What is osmosis?

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Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

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What is the role of transport proteins in facilitated diffusion?

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Transport proteins assist in the movement of specific molecules across the cell membrane, allowing substances that cannot directly cross the lipid bilayer to enter or exit the cell.