Blood Typing

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What is blood type?

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Blood type refers to the classification of blood based on the presence or absence of specific antigens and antibodies. Common blood types include A, B, AB, and O, with each type potentially being positive (+) or negative (-) based on the Rh factor.

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What determines whether a person's blood type is positive or negative?

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The Rh factor determines whether a person's blood type is positive (+) or negative (-). If the Rh antigen is present, the blood type is positive; if it is absent, the blood type is negative.

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Which blood type is known as the universal donor?

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O- (O negative) is known as the universal donor because it can be transfused to patients of any blood type without causing an immune reaction.

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What is the significance of the ABO blood group system?

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The ABO blood group system classifies blood into four main types: A, B, AB, and O, based on the presence of A and B antigens on the surface of red blood cells. This classification is crucial for safe blood transfusions.

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What are antigens in the context of blood typing?

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Antigens are substances on the surface of red blood cells that can trigger an immune response. In blood typing, A and B antigens determine the ABO blood group.

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What are antibodies in the context of blood typing?

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Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that can recognize and bind to specific antigens. In blood typing, antibodies against A or B antigens can cause reactions if incompatible blood types are mixed.

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What is the role of platelets in blood?

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Platelets are small cell fragments in the blood that play a crucial role in blood clotting and wound healing by aggregating at the site of injury.

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What is plasma in the context of blood?

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Plasma is the liquid component of blood that carries cells, nutrients, hormones, and waste products. It makes up about 55% of total blood volume.

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What is the Rh factor?

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The Rh factor is a specific protein that can be present on the surface of red blood cells. Its presence or absence determines if blood is Rh positive or Rh negative.

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What blood type can receive blood from AB+ donors?

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Only AB+ individuals can receive blood from AB+ donors, as they have no antibodies against A or B antigens.