SLO Winter Benchmark Review

Front

What occurs by the end of prophase in cell division?

Back

By the end of prophase, the nuclear membrane has broken down, centrioles and spindle fibers have appeared, and DNA has become more tightly coiled into rod-shaped structures. However, chromosomes have not yet lined up in the middle of the cell.

Front

How many chromosomes do daughter cells have after mitosis if the parent cell has 8 chromosomes?

Back

Each daughter cell will have 8 chromosomes after mitosis.

Front

What is a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

Back

A catalyst is a substance that lowers the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur.

Front

What happens during the second step of the lock-and-key model of enzyme function?

Back

During the second step, the enzyme is breaking bonds in the substrate.

Front

Which organelle controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell?

Back

The Cell Membrane controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell.

Front

What is the role of the nuclear membrane during cell division?

Back

The nuclear membrane breaks down to allow the chromosomes to be separated during cell division.

Front

Define mitosis.

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Front

What is the function of spindle fibers during mitosis?

Back

Spindle fibers help to separate the chromosomes and pull them to opposite ends of the cell during mitosis.

Front

Explain the lock-and-key model of enzyme function.

Back

The lock-and-key model describes how enzymes (the 'lock') and substrates (the 'key') fit together specifically to catalyze a reaction.

Front

What is the significance of DNA coiling into rod-shaped structures during prophase?

Back

The coiling of DNA into rod-shaped structures (chromosomes) makes it easier to separate the genetic material during cell division.