Thermal Energy Transfer

The movement of energy from one object or substance to another due to a temperature difference.

The transfer of heat through a solid material without the movement of the material itself.

The transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) caused by differences in temperature and density.

The transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves, which can occur in a vacuum.

They vibrate faster and may move apart slightly, causing the solid to expand.

They slow down and come closer together, which can lead to condensation.

A metal spoon getting hot when placed in a pot of boiling water.

Warm air rising and cool air sinking in a room, creating a circulation of air.

Feeling the warmth of the sun on your skin, even when standing in the shade.

As temperature increases, particles move faster; as temperature decreases, particles move slower.