Thermal Energy Transfers

Front

Density

Back

mass per unit volume

Front

Internal Kinetic Energy

Back

arises from random translational, vibrational, and rotational motion of the particles

Front

Temperature

Back

a measure of the average random kinetic energy of all the particles of a substance and a property that determines the direction of thermal energy transfer between two objects

Front

Absolute Temperature

Back

temperature measured using the Kelvin scale

Front

Internal Potential Energy

Back

due to intermolecular forces and stored in bonds

Front

Internal Energy

Back

total internal potential and random kinetic energies of the particles of a substance

Front

Thermal Energy ("heat")

Back

energy transferred between a system and its surroundings due to a temperature difference (naturally flows from hot to cold)

Front

Thermal Equilibrium

Back

objects are at the same temperature and no further thermal energy transferred.