Unit 2 Review

Front

What is the hydrophilic portion of the cell membrane?

Back

The hydrophilic portion of the cell membrane refers to the phosphate heads of phospholipids that are attracted to water, allowing the membrane to interact with the aqueous environment.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of particles across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use of energy.

Front

What must a saltwater fish consume to survive in a hypertonic solution?

Back

A saltwater fish must consume a lot of water and excrete a lot of excess salt to survive in a hypertonic solution.

Front

What is the difference between rough and smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Back

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) has ribosomes on its surface, which are involved in protein synthesis, while Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) does not have ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.

Front

What is a chloroplast?

Back

A chloroplast is an organelle found in plant cells that is responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Front

What is the function of the cell wall?

Back

The cell wall provides structural support and protection to plant cells, maintaining their shape and preventing excessive water uptake.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of particles across a cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, requiring energy (ATP) to do so.

Front

What role do ribosomes play in the cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell, translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, generating ATP through cellular respiration.