DNA replication

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

What are the complementary base pairs in DNA?

Back

Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T) and Guanine pairs with Cytosine (G-C).

Front

What type of bond joins nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Hydrogen bonds join nitrogenous bases in DNA.

Front

What is the first step in DNA replication?

Back

The first step in DNA replication is the unwinding of the double helix by the enzyme helicase.

Front

What enzyme is responsible for adding new nucleotides during DNA replication?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding new nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.

Front

What is the significance of the 5' to 3' direction in DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication occurs in the 5' to 3' direction, meaning that new nucleotides are added to the 3' end of the growing strand.

Front

What is the role of RNA primers in DNA replication?

Back

RNA primers provide a starting point for DNA polymerase to begin synthesis of the new DNA strand.

Front

What are Okazaki fragments?

Back

Okazaki fragments are short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Front

What is the difference between leading and lagging strands in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments (Okazaki fragments) in the opposite direction.

Front

What happens during the process of DNA proofreading?

Back

DNA proofreading is the process by which DNA polymerase checks and corrects errors in the newly synthesized DNA strand.