DNA and Protein Synthesis Exam Review CC

Front

What is the method of DNA replication known as?

Back

Semi-conservative replication is the method where each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one new strand.

Front

What is the main function of tRNA?

Back

The main function of tRNA (transfer RNA) is to bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Front

What process involves the synthesis of proteins from mRNA?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins based on the sequence of mRNA.

Front

What is rRNA and its role in the cell?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of ribosomes, which are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell.

Front

Which enzyme unzips the DNA during replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of DNA during replication.

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.

Front

Define transcription in the context of protein synthesis.

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA, which carries the genetic information to the ribosome.

Front

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, linked together by peptide bonds.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA corresponds to the sequence of amino acids in proteins.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.