Biology Chapter 8 Vocabulary

Front

What brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome to help make the growing protein?

Back

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Front

What is a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?

Back

Codon

Front

What is a DNA segment that allows a gene to be transcribed?

Back

Promoter

Front

What signals the start of translation and the amino acid methionine?

Back

Start Codon

Front

What are the rules that state Thymine (T) always pairs with Adenine (A) and Cytosine (C) always pairs with Guanine (G)?

Back

Base Pairing Rules

Front

What is the role of Messenger RNA (mRNA) in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

Back

rRNA is a component of ribosomes and helps facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins.

Front

What is an Anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a three-nucleotide sequence on tRNA that is complementary to a codon on mRNA.

Front

What are Stop Codons?

Back

Stop codons are sequences in mRNA that signal the termination of protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between Exons and Introns?

Back

Exons are coding regions of a gene that are expressed, while Introns are non-coding regions that are removed during RNA processing.