Epigenetics

Front

What is epigenetics?

Back

Epigenetics is the study of changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence. It involves mechanisms that regulate gene activity and expression.

Front

What is the difference between DNA code and the epigenome?

Back

The DNA code is fixed for life, while the epigenome is flexible and can change in response to environmental factors.

Front

What can cause a gene to be expressed more?

Back

The removal of methyl groups from the DNA and the loosening of how tight the DNA is coiled around histones can both increase gene expression.

Front

What factors can affect the epigenome?

Back

Factors such as nutrition, exercise, and stress can all affect the epigenome.

Front

True or False: Epigenetic changes are permanent.

Back

False. Epigenetic changes can be reversible and are not necessarily permanent.

Front

At what stage in the life of identical twins is the epigenome expected to be most similar?

Back

The epigenome of identical twins is expected to be most similar at age 6 months.

Front

What are methyl groups in the context of epigenetics?

Back

Methyl groups are chemical groups that can be added to DNA, affecting gene expression by silencing genes when attached.

Front

What role do histones play in gene expression?

Back

Histones are proteins that DNA wraps around, and their modification can influence how tightly or loosely DNA is coiled, affecting gene accessibility and expression.

Front

What is gene expression?

Back

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually proteins.

Front

How does stress affect the epigenome?

Back

Stress can lead to epigenetic changes that may alter gene expression, potentially impacting health and behavior.