7.8B & C: Thermal Equilibrium and Particle Theory

Front

What is thermal equilibrium?

Back

Thermal equilibrium is the state in which two objects in contact with each other do not exchange heat, meaning they are at the same temperature.

Front

What is particle theory?

Back

Particle theory states that all matter is made up of tiny particles that are in constant motion, and the temperature of a substance is related to the speed of its particles.

Front

How does heat transfer occur?

Back

Heat transfer occurs from hot objects to cold objects until thermal equilibrium is reached.

Front

What happens to particles in a solid?

Back

In a solid, particles are closely packed together and vibrate in place, maintaining a fixed shape.

Front

What happens to particles in a liquid?

Back

In a liquid, particles are close together but can move past one another, allowing liquids to take the shape of their container.

Front

What happens to particles in a gas?

Back

In a gas, particles are far apart and move freely, filling the entire volume of their container.

Front

What is conduction?

Back

Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials, where faster-moving particles collide with slower-moving ones.

Front

What is convection?

Back

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids and gases) caused by differences in temperature and density.

Front

What is radiation?

Back

Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as infrared radiation, and does not require a medium.

Front

What is an example of conduction?

Back

An example of conduction is a metal spoon getting hot when placed in a pot of boiling water.