Cell cycle Flashcard

Front

What is the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through to grow and divide, including interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitotic phase (M).

Front

What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle?

Back

During the S phase, DNA is replicated, resulting in two identical sets of chromosomes.

Front

What is cytokinesis?

Back

Cytokinesis is the process that divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells after mitosis.

Front

How do plant and animal cells differ in cytokinesis?

Back

Plant cells form a cell plate during cytokinesis, while animal cells form a cleavage furrow.

Front

What is a chromosome?

Back

A chromosome is a structure made of DNA and protein that contains genetic information.

Front

What is a chromatid?

Back

A chromatid is one half of a duplicated chromosome, joined to its sister chromatid at the centromere.

Front

What is the role of the centromere?

Back

The centromere is the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined together.

Front

What occurs during the G1 phase of the cell cycle?

Back

During the G1 phase, the cell grows and carries out normal functions, preparing for DNA replication.

Front

What is the M phase in the cell cycle?

Back

The M phase is the mitotic phase where the cell divides its copied DNA and cytoplasm to form two new cells.

Front

What is the significance of the G2 phase?

Back

The G2 phase is where the cell prepares for mitosis, ensuring all DNA is replicated and the cell is ready to divide.