AP/SUPA - Chapter 8: Metabolism, Energy and Enzymes

Front

What is metabolism?

Back

Metabolism refers to the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism to maintain life, including catabolism (breaking down molecules for energy) and anabolism (building up molecules for growth).

Front

Define catabolism.

Back

Catabolism is the metabolic process that breaks down larger molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy in the process.

Front

Define anabolism.

Back

Anabolism is the metabolic process that builds larger molecules from smaller ones, requiring energy input.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in metabolism?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, speeding up the rate of reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is enzyme specificity?

Back

Enzyme specificity refers to the ability of an enzyme to select and catalyze a specific substrate or type of reaction.

Front

What does the term 'optimum pH' mean in relation to enzymes?

Back

Optimum pH is the pH level at which an enzyme's activity is at its maximum.

Front

What is allosteric regulation?

Back

Allosteric regulation is the process by which an enzyme's activity is modified by the binding of an effector molecule at a site other than the active site.

Front

What is competitive inhibition?

Back

Competitive inhibition occurs when a substance competes with the substrate for binding to the active site of an enzyme, reducing the enzyme's activity.

Front

What is the difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions?

Back

Exergonic reactions release energy, while endergonic reactions require energy input.

Front

What is the significance of substrate concentration in enzyme activity?

Back

Increasing substrate concentration generally increases the rate of reaction up to a point, after which the enzyme becomes saturated.