Honors Biology: Cells & Transport

Front

What is exocytosis?

Back

Exocytosis is the process by which a cell expels materials in vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.

Front

What are prokaryotes?

Back

Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, containing structures like ribosomes, cytoplasm, cell wall, flagella, and DNA.

Front

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Back

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that transports materials within the cell, with the rough ER being studded with ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Front

What distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes?

Back

Eukaryotes are more complex cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotes are simpler and do not.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in the cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis, translating messenger RNA into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a passive transport process that allows substances to cross membranes with the assistance of special proteins, without the use of energy.

Front

What is the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus is an organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the difference between active and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances along their gradient.

Front

What is the function of the cell wall?

Back

The cell wall is a rigid outer layer that provides structural support and protection to plant cells, fungi, and some prokaryotes.

Front

What is the plasma membrane?

Back

The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.