Structure and polarity

Front

What is polarity in chemistry?

Back

Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms joined by the bond. A molecule is polar if it has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds that do not cancel out.

Front

What is a polar covalent bond?

Back

A polar covalent bond is a type of chemical bond where a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms, leading to a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on the other.

Front

What is a nonpolar covalent bond?

Back

A nonpolar covalent bond is a type of chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons equally, resulting in no charge separation.

Front

What is an ionic bond?

Back

An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond formed through the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, typically formed when one atom donates an electron to another.

Front

What is electronegativity?

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. It helps predict the nature of bonds between atoms.

Front

How does electronegativity affect bond polarity?

Back

The difference in electronegativity between two atoms determines the polarity of the bond. A larger difference leads to a more polar bond.

Front

What is the molecular geometry of H2S?

Back

The molecular geometry of H2S (hydrogen sulfide) is bent due to the two lone pairs of electrons on the sulfur atom.

Front

What is the difference between molecular geometry and electron geometry?

Back

Molecular geometry refers to the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, while electron geometry considers the spatial arrangement of all electron groups, including lone pairs.

Front

What is a dipole moment?

Back

A dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule, indicating the polarity of the molecule.

Front

What is the significance of molecular shape in determining polarity?

Back

The shape of a molecule affects how the dipole moments of its bonds add up. If the dipole moments do not cancel out, the molecule is polar.