Bio 1 Quarter 1 Midterm Review (Ch 1, 2, and 8)

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome, where it matches its anticodon with the codon on mRNA to help assemble proteins.

Front

Define DNA replication.

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

What base pairs with Guanine in DNA?

Back

Cytosine pairs with Guanine in DNA.

Front

What is an example of growth and development in living organisms?

Back

A maggot changing into a fly is an example of growth and development.

Front

What is a substrate in the context of enzyme activity?

Back

A substrate is the reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts during a biochemical reaction.

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

Back

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA, while translation is the process of decoding mRNA to synthesize proteins.

Front

What is homeostasis?

Back

Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

Front

Define evolution in biological terms.

Back

Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

Front

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the specific region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.