Subcellular Organelles

Front

What are microtubules?

Back

Microtubules are cylindrical structures made of tubulin proteins that provide structural support and shape to cells, and are involved in intracellular transport.

Front

What is the role of motor proteins in cellular transport?

Back

Motor proteins are molecular machines that move along microtubules and transport cellular cargo, such as vesicles, by converting chemical energy into mechanical work.

Front

What is a transport vesicle?

Back

A transport vesicle is a membrane-bound sac that carries molecules, such as proteins and lipids, within the cell or to the cell membrane for secretion.

Front

What is the function of peroxisomes?

Back

Peroxisomes are organelles that contain enzymes, including catalase, which break down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, thus detoxifying harmful substances.

Front

What is the relationship between lysosomes and the Golgi apparatus?

Back

Lysosomes are produced by the Golgi apparatus, which modifies and packages proteins and lipids for transport to lysosomes.

Front

What is a food vacuole?

Back

A food vacuole is a membrane-bound sac within a cell that stores and digests food particles.

Front

What distinguishes plant cells from animal cells?

Back

Plant cells have a cell wall, large central vacuoles, and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not have these structures.

Front

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the significance of large central vacuoles in plant cells?

Back

Large central vacuoles store water, nutrients, and waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure, which is essential for plant structure.

Front

What is the role of catalase in peroxisomes?

Back

Catalase is an enzyme in peroxisomes that catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, preventing cellular damage.