AP Bio: Mitosis, DNA rep, Cancer, and Meiosis

Front

What is the leading strand in DNA replication?

Back

The leading strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously in the 5' to 3' direction during DNA replication.

Front

What phase occupies the majority of the cell cycle?

Back

Interphase occupies the majority of the cell cycle.

Front

What is the role of primase in DNA replication?

Back

Primase synthesizes a short fragment of RNA that allows DNA polymerase III to bind and initiate DNA synthesis.

Front

What does it mean for a cell to be diploid?

Back

A diploid cell contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.

Front

What is the function of DNA helicase?

Back

DNA helicase is the enzyme that unwinds and unzips the DNA double helix during replication.

Front

What are the three main stages of interphase?

Back

The three main stages of interphase are G1 (cell growth), S (DNA synthesis), and G2 (preparation for mitosis).

Front

What is the difference between haploid and diploid cells?

Back

Haploid cells contain one set of chromosomes (n), while diploid cells contain two sets (2n).

Front

What is the significance of the S phase in the cell cycle?

Back

The S phase is significant because it is when DNA replication occurs, resulting in two identical sets of chromosomes.

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase III?

Back

DNA polymerase III is the main enzyme responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the growing chain.

Front

What happens during prophase of mitosis?

Back

During prophase, chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the mitotic spindle begins to form.