HB Passive and Active Transport

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy, relying on concentration gradients.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (usually in the form of ATP).

Front

Define hypertonic solution.

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to move out of the cell.

Front

Define hypotonic solution.

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to move into the cell.

Front

Define isotonic solution.

Back

An isotonic solution has the same concentration of solutes as the inside of the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Front

What is a concentration gradient?

Back

A concentration gradient is the difference in the concentration of a substance between two areas, which drives diffusion.

Front

What role do vesicles play in transport?

Back

Vesicles are membrane-bound sacs that transport materials into (endocytosis) and out of (exocytosis) the cell.

Front

What happens to red blood cells in a hypotonic solution?

Back

Red blood cells swell and may burst due to water entering the cell.

Front

What happens to red blood cells in a hypertonic solution?

Back

Red blood cells shrink as water leaves the cell.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses transport proteins to help move substances across the cell membrane.