Geometry - Transformations

A transformation is an operation that moves or changes a shape to create a new shape. The main types of transformations are translations, rotations, reflections, and dilations.

A translation is a transformation that slides a shape from one position to another without turning it. The shape remains the same size and orientation.

A rotation is a transformation that turns a shape around a fixed point, called the center of rotation, by a certain angle.

A reflection is a transformation that flips a shape over a line, creating a mirror image of the original shape.

A dilation is a transformation that changes the size of a shape but keeps its proportions the same. It is defined by a scale factor.

The scale factor is a number that describes how much a shape is enlarged or reduced during a dilation. A scale factor greater than 1 indicates enlargement, while a scale factor less than 1 indicates reduction.

Rotational symmetry is when a shape can be rotated around a center point and still look the same at certain angles.

The angle of rotational symmetry for a square is 90 degrees.

An equilateral triangle has 3 lines of symmetry.

The angle of rotational symmetry for a regular hexagon is 60 degrees.