Nervous System Review

Resting Potential is the electrical charge difference across the neuron's membrane when it is not actively transmitting a signal, typically around -70 mV.

The Central Nervous System (CNS) is made up of the brain and spinal cord.

The types of cells found in the CNS include Astrocytes, Microglia, and Ependymal cells.

During depolarization, the charge inside the neuron becomes more positive as sodium ions enter the cell, reversing the resting potential.

Dendrites are responsible for receiving information from other neurons and transmitting it to the cell body.

An Action Potential is a rapid rise and fall in voltage or membrane potential across a cellular membrane, allowing for the transmission of signals along neurons.

Astrocytes support neurons, maintain the blood-brain barrier, and regulate blood flow in the brain.

The Myelin Sheath insulates axons and increases the speed of electrical signal transmission along the neuron.

The Central Nervous System consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the Peripheral Nervous System includes all the nerves outside the CNS.

Microglia act as the immune cells of the CNS, protecting against pathogens and clearing debris.