BIOLOGY-CELL MEMBRANE AND CELL TRANSPORT

Front

What are the main components of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane is primarily composed of lipids (phospholipids), proteins, and carbohydrates.

Front

What is the function of proteins in the cell membrane?

Back

Proteins in the cell membrane serve as channels and pumps to facilitate the movement of materials across the membrane.

Front

Define diffusion in the context of cell transport.

Back

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What happens to molecules during diffusion when equilibrium is reached?

Back

When equilibrium is reached, molecules continue to move across the membrane in both directions at equal rates.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is a semi-permeable membrane?

Back

A semi-permeable membrane allows certain substances to pass through while blocking others.

Front

What occurs when an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Back

Water moves into the cell, causing it to swell and potentially burst due to osmotic pressure.

Front

What is the role of sodium ions (Na+) in cell transport?

Back

Sodium ions play a crucial role in maintaining osmotic balance and are involved in active transport processes.

Front

Explain the concept of active transport.

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What is the difference between passive and active transport?

Back

Passive transport does not require energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy to move substances against their gradient.