Biology Semester 1 Exam Review

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What are carbohydrates and their primary function in living organisms?

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Carbohydrates are biological macromolecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They serve as the main source of energy for living organisms.

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What is an inference in scientific terms?

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An inference is a conclusion drawn from observations or evidence, rather than direct statements. For example, concluding that a parachute falls at an angle due to a tear in its fabric.

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How do enzymes affect biological reactions?

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Enzymes lower the activation energy required to initiate a chemical reaction, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction.

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What are proteins and their building blocks?

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Proteins are one of the four classes of biological macromolecules, made up of amino acids, which are their building blocks.

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What is a misconception about proteins?

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A common misconception is that proteins have only one specific role, such as regulating biochemical reactions. In reality, proteins have multiple functions.

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What is the role of amino acids in proteins?

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Amino acids are the fundamental units that link together to form proteins, each with unique properties that determine the protein's function.

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What is the significance of studying the anatomy of an organism in scientific research?

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Studying the anatomy helps scientists understand the structure and function of organisms, which can inform hypotheses about their behavior and interactions.

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What is the importance of research in developing scientific hypotheses?

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Research provides background information and context that can help scientists formulate informed hypotheses about observed phenomena.

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What is the relationship between energy and chemical reactions in biology?

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Chemical reactions in biology often involve the transformation of energy, where reactants are converted into products, releasing or absorbing energy.

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What are the four classes of biological macromolecules?

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The four classes of biological macromolecules are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.