Ch 4 extra Review

Front

What is a random sample?

Back

A random sample is a subset of individuals chosen from a larger set, where each individual has an equal chance of being selected, ensuring that the sample represents the population.

Front

What is the purpose of random assignment in experiments?

Back

The purpose of random assignment is to create roughly equivalent groups before treatments are administered, which helps to eliminate bias and confounding variables.

Front

What is a convenience sample?

Back

A convenience sample is a type of non-probability sampling where the sample is taken from a group that is easily accessible, which may lead to biased results.

Front

What is nonresponse bias?

Back

Nonresponse bias occurs when individuals selected for a survey do not respond, and their lack of response is related to the topic being studied, potentially skewing results.

Front

What is undercoverage bias?

Back

Undercoverage bias happens when some members of the population are inadequately represented in the sample, leading to incomplete or skewed results.

Front

What is a statistical question?

Back

A statistical question is one that anticipates variability in the data and can be answered by collecting data, such as 'How long do students typically wait in line when getting lunch from the cafeteria?'

Front

What is the difference between a survey and an experiment?

Back

A survey collects data from a sample to understand opinions or behaviors, while an experiment manipulates variables to determine cause-and-effect relationships.

Front

What is bias in sampling?

Back

Bias in sampling refers to systematic errors that lead to an incorrect representation of the population, affecting the validity of the results.

Front

What is the significance of wording in survey questions?

Back

The wording of survey questions can significantly influence responses, leading to different interpretations and potentially biased results.

Front

What is a voluntary response sample?

Back

A voluntary response sample consists of individuals who choose to participate, often leading to bias as those with strong opinions are more likely to respond.