Cells & Transport Review WLMS

Front

What is endocytosis?

Back

Endocytosis is the process by which cells internalize substances from their external environment by engulfing them in a membrane-bound vesicle.

Front

What organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?

Back

Mitochondria are the organelles responsible for cellular respiration in both plants and animals, converting glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP).

Front

What are phospholipids?

Back

Phospholipids are molecules that consist of one polar phosphate head and two nonpolar fatty acid tails, forming the basic structure of cell membranes.

Front

What is an isotonic solution?

Back

An isotonic solution has the same solute concentration inside and outside of the cell, resulting in no net movement of water across the cell membrane.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

Back

In a hypotonic solution, water enters the cell, causing it to swell and potentially burst (lyse) due to increased internal pressure.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and structural support while maintaining homeostasis.

Front

What is the difference between hypertonic and hypotonic solutions?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration outside the cell, causing water to leave the cell, while a hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration outside, causing water to enter the cell.

Front

What role do chloroplasts play in plant cells?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Front

Define phagocytosis.

Back

Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis where a cell engulfs large particles or even other cells, often for the purpose of digestion or defense.

Front

What is the significance of the fluid mosaic model?

Back

The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of cell membranes as a mosaic of various proteins that float in or on the fluid lipid bilayer, allowing for flexibility and movement.