Final Review (Semester 1, units 1-5) H

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

What is the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through to grow and divide, including interphase and mitosis.

Front

What occurs during mitosis?

Back

Mitosis is the process of cell division where one cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells.

Front

What is the S phase of the cell cycle?

Back

The S phase (synthesis phase) is the part of the cell cycle where DNA is replicated, preparing for cell division.

Front

What happens during prophase?

Back

During prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers begin to form.

Front

What happens during metaphase?

Back

During metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane, and spindle fibers attach to the centromeres.

Front

What happens during anaphase?

Back

During anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Front

What is carbon dioxide's role in plant growth?

Back

Carbon dioxide is used by plants during photosynthesis to produce glucose, which is essential for growth.