Flashcard - Kinetic/Potential Energy & Heat Transfer

Front

What is gravitational potential energy?

Back

Gravitational potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position in a gravitational field, calculated as PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

Front

How do you calculate gravitational potential energy?

Back

Gravitational potential energy (PE) is calculated using the formula: PE = mgh, where m = mass (kg), g = acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s²), and h = height (m).

Front

What happens to kinetic energy as the speed of an object increases?

Back

As the speed of an object increases, its kinetic energy increases. Kinetic energy is calculated using the formula KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

Front

What is kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its motion, calculated as KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

Front

What is the relationship between mass and kinetic energy?

Back

The kinetic energy of an object is directly proportional to its mass. If the mass increases, the kinetic energy increases, assuming the speed remains constant.

Front

What is convection?

Back

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) caused by differences in temperature and density.

Front

What is conduction?

Back

Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between materials, where heat moves from the hotter object to the cooler one.

Front

What is radiation?

Back

Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as infrared radiation, and does not require a medium to travel.

Front

What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?

Back

The formula for calculating kinetic energy (KE) is KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass in kilograms and v is velocity in meters per second.

Front

What is the effect of temperature on the density of fluids?

Back

As temperature increases, the density of fluids generally decreases, causing warmer fluids to rise and cooler fluids to sink.