Human Body Systems Regents Review

Front

What substance is normally filtered out of the blood by the nephrons in the kidney and then excreted?

Back

Urea

Front

What is produced during cellular respiration if there is not enough oxygen available?

Back

Lactic Acid

Front

What is another term for respiration 'without oxygen'?

Back

Anaerobic respiration

Front

What happens to an onion cell placed in a concentrated saline solution?

Back

It shrivels as the water in the cytoplasm leaves the cell.

Front

What is the independent variable in an investigation?

Back

The variable that is changed by the investigator.

Front

What is the primary function of the kidneys in the human body?

Back

To filter waste products from the blood and regulate water and electrolyte balance.

Front

What is aerobic respiration?

Back

A process that requires oxygen to produce energy (ATP) from glucose.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP serves as the primary energy carrier in cells.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?

Back

Diffusion is the movement of solute particles from high to low concentration, while osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water.