Transcription and Translation Flashcard

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule.

Front

How many bases make up a codon?

Back

Three bases.

Front

Where does transcription occur in a cell?

Back

Transcription occurs in the nucleus.

Front

What is the first step in protein synthesis?

Back

The first step in protein synthesis is transcription.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in transcription?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Front

How does mRNA leave the nucleus?

Back

mRNA leaves the nucleus through nuclear pores.

Front

Where does translation take place?

Back

Translation takes place in the ribosomes.

Front

What is translation in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in translation?

Back

Ribosomes read the sequence of mRNA and translate it into a specific sequence of amino acids to form a protein.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying DNA into mRNA, while translation is the process of converting mRNA into a protein.