Final Review #6 (Macromolecules)

Front

What are lipids?

Back

Lipids are a group of macromolecules that include fats, oils, and waxes. They are hydrophobic and play key roles in energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane structure.

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What are monosaccharides?

Back

Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of single sugar molecules like glucose and fructose. They are the building blocks of more complex carbohydrates.

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How many bonds can a carbon atom form?

Back

A carbon atom can form four covalent bonds, allowing it to create a variety of complex molecules.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins. There are 20 different amino acids that combine in various sequences to form proteins.

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What type of macromolecule are enzymes?

Back

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.

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What are the main functions of lipids?

Back

Lipids serve several functions including energy storage, forming cell membranes, and acting as signaling molecules.

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What are disaccharides?

Back

Disaccharides are carbohydrates formed by the combination of two monosaccharides, such as sucrose (glucose + fructose) and lactose (glucose + galactose).

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What is the structure of proteins?

Back

Proteins are made up of one or more polypeptide chains, which are sequences of amino acids folded into specific three-dimensional shapes.

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What are polysaccharides?

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Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates composed of long chains of monosaccharide units, such as starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

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What is the role of nucleic acids?

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Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information.