DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis Test Review

Front

What are the two substances that make up the sides of the DNA structure?

Back

Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate.

Front

What makes up the rungs of the DNA ladder?

Back

Nitrogen bases.

Front

What is the process called when DNA molecules form exact copies of themselves?

Back

Replication.

Front

Which type of RNA makes a copy from DNA to use as a blueprint?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA).

Front

In RNA, which base does Adenine pair with?

Back

Uracil.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Front

What is the function of rRNA in the cell?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) forms the core of the ribosome's structure and catalyzes protein synthesis.

Front

What is transcription in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What are the four nitrogen bases found in DNA?

Back

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.